Shriimad-Dasharatha-Nandana Raam ||6||
6: I take Refuge in Sri Rama, Who was the Illustrious Son of King Dasaratha.
Dasharatha[(Sanskrit: दशरथ, IAST Daśaratha) was, according to Ramayana, the king of Ayodhya and a descendant of the Ikshvaku dynasty(also known as Suryavamsha or Raghuvamsa dynasty). His life story is narrated principally in the Hindu epic Ramayana.
Dasharatha was the son of Aja and Indumati. He had Jhalli as mahamantri of his great kingdom. Sumanth was also a trusted minister of his kingdom. He had three wives who are his queen consorts: Kaushalya, the sweetest and eldest, Sumitra,the most intelligent and the middle one and, Kaikeyi, the most beautiful and youngest.
Dasharatha was the son of Aja and Indumati. He had Jhalli as mahamantri of his great kingdom. Sumanth was also a trusted minister of his kingdom. He had three wives who are his queen consorts: Kaushalya, the sweetest and eldest, Sumitra,the most intelligent and the middle one and, Kaikeyi, the most beautiful and youngest.
Dasaratha meaning :
Dashrath literally means ten chariots. Dashrath got this name BECAUSE HIS CHARIOT GOES ON ALL THE TEN DIRECTIONS. THAT MEANS IN ANY DIRECTION NO ONE BLOCKS HIM. THAT MUCH STRENGTH AND HONOUR HE HAD.
Traditionally we know only eight directions -
Uttar ( North ),
Dakshin ( South ),
Poorav ( East ),
Paschim ( West ),
Ishanya ( North East ),
Agneya ( South East),
Nairutya ( South West ),
Vayavya ( North West )
Apart from these traditional eight directions,Dashrath could drive a chariot in Urdhwa ( Skywards - swargam of devas ) and Adastha ( Downwards - paathaalam of asuras ) directions also.
Traditionally we know only eight directions -
Uttar ( North ),
Dakshin ( South ),
Poorav ( East ),
Paschim ( West ),
Ishanya ( North East ),
Agneya ( South East),
Nairutya ( South West ),
Vayavya ( North West )
Apart from these traditional eight directions,Dashrath could drive a chariot in Urdhwa ( Skywards - swargam of devas ) and Adastha ( Downwards - paathaalam of asuras ) directions also.
Dasaratha was such a great fighter that sometimesIndra would summon for him when there was a fight with the demons.So Dasaratha would go to the heavenly planets and fight with thedemons. And these demons were so expert with maya, they wouldcreate darkness, expand into various forms etc. So Dasaratha would fight in ten directions, and when you looked at his ratha, hischariot, it would look as though there were ten kings and ten chariots fighting simultaneously. Dasa means "ten" and ratha means"chariot". That is how he got the name Dasaratha. So Dasaratha was famous for fighting for demigods and righteous kings.
Dasaratha's lineage :
Dasaratha belongs to Ikshvaku Kula., born as the son of Aja maharaja & Indumati. It comes like this Lord Brahma > Marici Rishi > Marici kasyapa > Vivaswaan (Lord Surya deva) > Vaivaswata Manu > Ikshvaku >>> Anaranya >>> Trishaku >>> Mandhaata >>> Sagara >> Amshuman > Dileepa > Bhageerata >>> Ambareesha >>> Raghu>>> Aja > Dasaratha.
नाभागस्य भभूव अज अजात् दशरथो अभवत् |अस्मात् दशरथात् जातौ भ्रातरौ राम लक्ष्मणौ || १-७०-४३
naabhaagasya bhabhuuva aja ajaat dasharatho abhavat |asmaat dasharathaat jaatau bhraatarau raama lakShmaNau || 1-70-43
Aja was Naabhaaga's son and from Aja, this Dasharatha is manifest, and from him, from this Dasharatha, these brothers, Rama and Lakshmana are born... [1-70-43]
Srimad Bhagavatam says,
श्रीशुक उवाचखट्वाङ्गाद्दीर्घबाहुश्च रघुस्तस्मात्पृथुश्रवाः।अजस्ततो महाराजस्तस्माद्दशरथोऽभवत्॥१॥
śrī-śuka uvācakhaṭvāṅgād dīrghabāhuś caraghus tasmāt pṛthu-śravāḥajas tato mahā-rājastasmād daśaratho ’bhavat- SB 9.10.1
Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: The son of Mahārāja Khaṭvāṅga was Dīrghabāhu, and his son was the celebrated Mahārāja Raghu. From Mahārāja Raghu came Aja, and from Aja was born the great personality Mahārāja Daśaratha.
How was Dasaratha and his Rajyam :
Ramayanam says,
राजा दशरथो नाम रथ कुन्जर वाजिनाम् |पुण्य शीलो महाकीर्तिः ऋजुः आसीन् महायशाः || ५-३१-२
राजर्षीणां गुणश्रेष्ठस्तपसा चर्षिभिः समः |चक्र वर्ति कुले जातः पुरम् दर समो बले || ५-३१-३
raajaa dasharatho naama ratha kunjara vaajinaam |puNya shiilo mahaakiirtiH R^ijuH aasiin mahaayashaaH || 5-31-2
raajarShiiNaaM guNashreShThastapasaa charShibhiH samaH |cakra varti kule jaataH puram dara samo bale || 5-31-3
There was a king named Dasaratha who was very glorious among the kings of Ikshvaku dynasty and had a virtuous disposition. He owned chariots, elephants and horses, becoming very famous.
He was excellent in virtues among royal sages. He was equal to the seven sages in austerity. He was born in the lineage of emperors and was equivalent to Indra in prowess.
तस्याम् पुर्याम् अयोध्यायाम् वेदवित् सर्व संग्रहः |
दीर्घदर्शी महातेजाः पौर जानपद प्रियः || १-६-१
इक्ष्वाकूणम् अतिरथो यज्वा धर्मपरो वशी |
महर्षिकल्पो राजर्षिः त्रिषु लोकेषु विश्रुतः || १-६-२
बलवान् निहत अमित्रो मित्रवान् विजित इन्द्रियः |
धनैः च संचयैः च अन्यैः शक्र वैश्रवण उपमः || १-६-३
यथा मनुर् महातेजा लोकस्य परिरक्षिता |
तथा दशरथो राजा लोकस्य परिरक्षिता || १-६-४
tasyaam puryaam ayodhyaayaam vedavit sarva saMgrahaH |diirghadarshii mahaatejaaH paura jaanapada priyaH || 1-6-1ikshwaakuuNam atiratho yajvaa dharmaparo vashii |maharShikalpo raajarShiH triShu lokeShu vishrutaH || 1-6-2balavaan nihata amitro mitravaan vijita indriyaH |dhanaiH cha saMchayaiH cha anyaiH shakra vaishravaNa upamaH || 1-6-3yathaa manur mahaatejaa lokasya parirakshitaa |tathaa dasharatho raajaa lokasya parirakshitaa || 1-6-4
- Srimad Valmiki Ramayanam. Balakanda.6th sarga.
He who is well-versed in Veda-s, who is a gatherer of all scholars, riches and forces as well, a foreseer and a great resplendent one, also one who is esteemed by urbanites and countrymen alike, one who is a top-speeded chariot-warrior aamong the emperors of Ikshwaku kings, one who has performed many Vedic rituals, a virtuous one, a great controller, a saint-like kingly sage, one who he is renowned in all the three worlds, a mighty one with all his enemies eradicated, nevertheless who has friends, one who conquered all his senses, one who is similar to Indra, or Kubera on earth with his wealth, accumulations and other possessions, he that king Dasharatha while dwelling in the city of Ayodhya protected the world, like Manu, the foremost protector of mankind. [1-6-3,4,5]
In spite of all this Dasaratha had only one worry. That was he had no son.
His Guru Maharshi Vasistha advised him to do the putrakamesthi yaagam. As the result of that a yajnya purusha appeared in front of them and gave Divya paayasam. By taking that, kausalya gave birth to Rama , kaikeyi gave birth to bharata and Sumitra gave birth to Lakshmana and shatrughna.
Among them Rama is the dearest to dasaratha. By Rama Dasaratha got pleasure.
His Guru Maharshi Vasistha advised him to do the putrakamesthi yaagam. As the result of that a yajnya purusha appeared in front of them and gave Divya paayasam. By taking that, kausalya gave birth to Rama , kaikeyi gave birth to bharata and Sumitra gave birth to Lakshmana and shatrughna.
Among them Rama is the dearest to dasaratha. By Rama Dasaratha got pleasure.
Om Sri Dasaratha nandanaya namah.